Discuss How Glycogen is synthesised Angelina Lorenos

DISCUSS HOW GLYCOGEN IS SYNTHESISED GENERAL STRUCTURE INFORMATION animal starch costs polymers of glucose, conjugated by á 1-4 glycosidic bonds. The forking points are linked by á 1-6 glycosidic bonds. The branch points legislate at 8, 9 or 10 residue spacings along the linear chain. FORMATION OF UDP GLUCOSE Glucose is transported into cells by a glucose transporter - a membrane bound protein. It is phosphorylated to civilise glucose-6-phosphate. This is catalysed by hexokinase. ATP is converted to ADP, which provides the Pi required for the phosphorylation. isomerisation of glucose-6-phospate classs glucose-1-phosphate. This is catalysed by phosphoglucomtase. The enzyme Uridine diphosphate (UDP) glucose pyrophosphorylase then catalyses the synthesis of UDP glucose from glucose-1-phosphate. UDP glucose is the metabolically active deviation of glucose, i.e. the form of glucose which is appropriate for animal starch synthesis. This conversion mustiness oc cur before glycogen can be synthesised. Glucose Hexokinase Glucose-6-phosphate Phosphoglucomutase Glucose-1-phosphate UDP glucose pyrophosphorylase UTP PPi UDP Glucose body of water 2 Pi MAINTENANCE OF FORMATION OF GLYCOGEN Pyrophosphate (PPi) form in this reaction step is hydrolysed to form two phosphate (Pi) species. This enzymatic cleavage is mediated by pyrophosphatase. This step is highly exergonic - about 30kJmol-1 under standard conditions.

This step is relevant to glycogen synthesis since it draws the reaction (UDP-glucose physical composition from glucose-1-phosphate) to the right, maintain ing the formation of UDP-glucose and hence ! the formation of the glycogen polymer. FORMATION OF GLYCOGEN FROM UDP GLUCOSE UDP-glucose donates its glucosyl moiety (the pioneer sugar unit) to the non-reducing leftover of a glycogen branch. The glycogen branch must comprise at least 4 residues of glucose. This supplement reaction generates an á 1-4 glycosidic linkage - so called because the link forms between the light speed 1 of the first appearance glucosyl moiety and carbon 4 of the glucose residue at the consequence of the chain. Glycogen synthase... If you want to lead off a full essay, rear it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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